Peru: Fuels: Diesel Fuel

Diesel Fuel Specifications

Legal requirements for on-road diesel fuel were established by Supreme Decree N° 041-2005 to take effect in 2006, Table 1 [6851]. This was amended in 2009 by Supreme Decree 92-2009-EM to reduce sulfur, accommodate a biodiesel blending mandate and add a lubricity requirement, Table 2 [6852]. The limiting values in Table 2, except for lubricity and biodiesel content, apply to the diesel fuel prior to the addition of biodiesel.

Table 1
Diesel fuel specification—D.S. N° 041-2005

Fuel Property	Fuel						Test Method
	Diesel N°1		Diesel N°2		Diesel N°2 Special		ASTM	ISO	NTP
	Min	Max	Min	Max	Min	Max	ASTM	ISO	NTP
Distillation							D86	3405	321.023
- 90% recovered, °C		288	288	360	282	360	D86	3405	321.023
Flash Point, °C	38		52		52		D93 D56⁴	2719	321.024
Density @ 15°C, kg/m³	Report		Report		Report		D1298	3675
Viscosity @ 40°C, cSt	1.3	2.4	1.7	4.1	1.9	4.1	D445	3104	321.031
Pour point, °C		-12		4		4	D97	3016
Cloud Point, °C	As required by customer						D2500	3015
Cetane Number¹	40		45		50		D613	5165
Cetane Index	40		40		45		D4737 D976²	4264	321.130
Ash, % mass		0.01		0.01		0.01	D482	6245
Ramsbottom Carbon Residue on 10% residual³, % mass		0.15		0.35		0.35	D524 D189	4262 6615
Sulfur, % mass		0.3		0.50		0.05	D129 D2622 D4294	8754
Copper Corrosion, 3h @ 50°C		No. 3		No. 3		No.3	D130	2160	321.021
Water & sediment, % vol.		0.05		0.05		0.05	D1796 D2709	3734	321.029
¹ If D613 is unavailable, calculation of cetane index with ASTM D4737 is acceptable. ² ASTM D976 may only be used for fuels with cetane number between 56.5 and 60.0. ³ If Ramsbotton carbon residue determination is unavailable, it may be calculated with by using the Conradson carbon residue measurement (ASTM D189 or D4530) and the correlation between Ramsbottom and Conradson carbon residues found in the appendix of ASTM D 524. ⁴ ASTM D56 may be used if the flash point is less than 93°C and the viscosity is less than 5.5 mm²/s (cSt) at 40°C. ASTM D93 is the referee method.

**Table 2**
Diesel fuel specification—D.S. N° 092-2009
Fuel Property	Fuel		Test Method
	Diesel B5 S50		ASTM	ISO	EN
	Min	Max	ASTM	ISO	EN
Distillation			D86	3405
- 90% recovered, °C	282	360	D86	3405
Flash Point, °C	52		D93	2719
Density @ 15°C, kg/m³	Report		D1298 D4052	3675
Viscosity @ 40°C¹, cSt	1.9	4.1	D445	3104
Pour point, °C		4	D97	3016
Cloud Point, °C	As required by customer		D2500
CFPP, °C		-8	D6371	116
Cetane Number²	45		D613	5165
Cetane Index	40*		D4737 D976**	4264
Ash, % mass		0.01	D482	6245
Ramsbottom Carbon Residue on 10% residual³, % mass		0.35	D524 D189	4262 6615
Sulfur, mg/kg		50	D4294 D5453 D2622	4260 14596
Copper Corrosion, 3h @ 50°C		No.3	D130	2160
Water & sediment, % vol.		0.05	D1796 D2709	3734
Lubricity, HFRR @60°C, µm		520	D6079	12156
Conductivity⁴, pS/m	25		D2624 D4308
Biodiesel, % vol	5***		D7371		14078
¹ Minimum Kinematic Viscosity at 40°C may be 1.7 cSt if the cloud point temperature is lower than -12°C ² If D613 is unavailable, calculation of cetane index with ASTM D4737 is acceptable ³ If the equipment is not available, this property shall be calculated using Appendix X1 of D524 which correlates the Conradson Carbon Residue (ASTM D189) with the Ramsbottom Carbon Residue ⁴ The result shall be determined for each product batch at the fuel’s delivery temperature. The minimum requirement of 25 pS/m shall apply to high-speed (7 m/s) and low-speed transfers (mobile transport: tank trucks, barges, etc.). * Applies to diesel fuel with 0% biodiesel ASTM D976 may only be used for fuels with cetane number between 56.5 and 60 * 2% from January 1, 2010, 5% after January 1, 2011

Norma Técnica Peruana NTP 321.003:2005 defined three grades of diesel fuel with sulfur contents or 1500, 350 and 50 mg/kg, Table 3. The standard was updated in 2017 to reflect changes in sulfur and biodiesel blending mandates. The 2017 update, NTP 321.003:2017, covers Diesel B5 S-50 containing 5% biodiesel and having a maximum sulfur limit of 50 mg/kg [6853]. Compliance with NTP 321.003:2017 is voluntary and the requirements of Table 2 take precedence.

Table 3
Diesel fuel specification—NTP 321.003:2005

Fuel Property	Fuel						Test Method
	Diesel N°1		Diesel N°2 (D2 S-350)		Diesel N°2 (D2 S-50)		ASTM	ISO	NTP
	Min	Max	Min	Max	Min	Max	ASTM	ISO	NTP
Distillation							D86	3405	321.023
- % vol recovered @ 250°C				65.0		65.0
- % vol recovered @ 350°C			80.0		80.0
- 90% recovered, °C		288.0
- 95% recovered, °C				360.0		360.0
Flash Point, Pensky Marten, °C			55.0		55.0		D93	2719	321.024
Flash Point, TAG closed cup, °C	38.0						D56		321.105
Density @ 15°C, kg/m³			820	845	820	845	D1298 D4052	3675
Viscosity @ 40°C, cSt	1.30	2.40	2.00	4.50	2.00	4.50	D445	3104	321.031
Pour point, °C		-12					D97	3016
Cloud Point, °C	As required by customer						D2500	3015
Cetane Number1	40		51		51		D613	5165
Cetane Index	40		46		46		D4737 D976	4264
Ash, % mass		0.010		0.010		0.010	D482	6245
Ramsbottom Carbon Residue on 10% residual², % mass		0.15					D524 D189	4262 6615
Conradson Carbon Residue on 10% residual, % mass				0.3		0.3	D4530 D189	10370 6615
Aromatics, % vol.				35.0		35.0	D1319	3837
Sulfur, mg/kg		1500					D129 D2622 D4294 D5453 D4045 D1266	14596 8754
				350			D5453 D2622 D4294 D1266	14596 8754 4260
						50	D5453 D2622 D1266	14596 4260
Copper Corrosion, 3h @ 50°C		No. 3		No. 1		No.1	D130	2160	321.021
Oxidation Stability, mg/100 ml				25.0		25.0	D2274	12205
Acid number mg KOH/g				0.08		0.08	D974	6618
Water & sediment, % vol.		0.05		0.05		0.05	D1796 D2709	3734	321.029
Particulate matter, mg/L				24.0		24.0	D6217
Lubricity, HFRR @ 60°C, mm				0.46		0.46	D6079	12156
FAME content, % vol.				5		0³	EN 14078
¹ If D613 is unavailable, calculation of cetane index is acceptable. ² If Ramsbotton carbon residue determination is unavailable, it may be calculated with by using the Conradson carbon residue measurement and the correlation between Ramsbottom and Conradson carbon residues found in the appendix of ASTM D 524. ³ Not detectible