Brazil: Fuels (Diesel): Automotive Diesel Fuel

Overview
Historical Specifications
ANP 968/2024 Specification for On-Road Diesel Fuels
ANP 905/2022 Specification for Non-Road Diesel Fuels
Low Temperature Operability Requirements

Overview

Specifications for transportation fuels are established by ANP (Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis) and published as ANP Resolutions.

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Several grades of diesel are defined based on sulfur content. Grades S10 and S500 are considered on-road fuels whose application and availability depends on location and vehicle emission certification levels. Many non-road applications also require the use of one or the other of these two grades. While S10 is available in many parts of the country, in 2025 S500 accounted for 19% to 35% of sales across the different regions [6727]. Grade S1800 is considered non-road fuel and is only allowed for some applications.

Since 2009, the ANP resolutions define two types of diesel fuel, Type A and Type B. A third, Type C was added in 2024 [2928][6720]:

Type A is diesel fuel that does not contain biodiesel, and
Type B is Type A or C (or a mixture of the two) blended with biodiesel.
Type C is diesel fuel produced by co-processing renewable and non-renewable feedstocks. Only Type C S10 is allowed.

Vegetable oil is not permitted.

Historical Specifications

The following tables summarize historical specifications for on-road diesel fuels set by ANP Resoution 15/2006 (Table 1), Resolution 42/2009 (Table 2), Resolution 65/2011 (Table 3), and Resolution 50/2013 (Table 4).

Table 1
Specifications for on-road diesel fuel: ANP Resolution 15/2006 [2926]

Property	Units	Limits		Method
Property	Units	Metropolitan¹	Interior²	ABNT NBR	ASTM
Appearance		Clear & bright		Visual
Color		-	Red	Visual
Color ASTM, max.		3.0	3.0	14483	D 1500
Biodiesel content³	% vol	2.0	2.0	IR spectrometry
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	500	2000	NBR14875 - NBR14533 -	D 1552 D 2622 D 4294 D 5453
Distillation	°C			9619	D 86
10% vol rec.		Report
50% vol rec.		245.0 - 310.0
85% vol rec., max.		360.0	370.0
90% vol rec.		Report
Density @ 20°C	kg/m³	820 - 865	820 - 880	7148 14065	D 1298 D 4052
Flash point, min.	°C	38.0		7974 NBR 14598 -	D 56 D 93 D 3828
Kinematic viscosity @ 40°C, max.	mm²/s	2.0 - 5.0		10441	D 445
CFPP	°C	See Table 7		14747	D 6371
Cetane number⁴, min.	-	42		-	D 613
Ramsbottom carbon residue, on 10% residue, max.	% mass	0.25		14318	D 524
Ash, max.	% mass	0.010		9842	D 482
Copper corrosion, 3 h @ 50°C, max.	-	1		14359	D 130
Water and sediment, max.	% vol	0.05		14647	D 1796
Lubricity, max.	µm	460	-	-	D 6079
Diesel fuel type permitted to be sold in large metropolitan areas of the country. A complete list can be found in Annex 1 of ANP Resolution 15/2006. Diesel fuel type permitted to be sold in the remaining cites. Not mandatory. If biodiesel is added, the content is to be reported. Biodiesel must meet specifications (ANP Resolution 42/2004 or its replacement) and contain a marker that allows verification of the biodiesel content. Alternatively, a minimum Cetane Index limit of 45 is allowed (NBR 14759 or ASTM D 4737). In case of dispute, ASTM D613 is the referee method.

Table 2
Specifications for on-road diesel fuel: ANP Resolution 42/2009 as modified by ANP Resolution 33/2010 [2928]

Property	Units	Limits			Method
		Types A and B			ABNT NBR	ASTM
		S50	S500	S1800¹	ABNT NBR	ASTM
Appearance		Clear & bright			Visual
Color		-	-	Red	Visual
Color ASTM, max.		3.0			14483	D 1500 D 6045
Biodiesel content²	% vol	As per legal requirements³			15568
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	50	-	-		D 2622 D 5453 D 7039 D 7212⁴ D 7220⁴
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	-	500	1800	14533	D 2622
Distillation	°C				9619	D 86
10% vol rec.		Report
50% vol rec.		245.0 - 310.0
85% vol rec., max.		-	360.0	370.0
90% vol rec., max.		360.0	Report
Density @ 20°C	kg/m³	820 - 850⁵	820 - 865	820 - 880	7148 14065	D 1298 D 4052
Flash point, min.	°C	38.0			7974 14598 -	D 56 D 93 D 3828
Kinematic viscosity @ 40°C, max.	mm²/s	2.0 - 5.0			10441	D 445
CFPP	°C	See Table 7			14747	D 6371
Cetane number or derived cetane number, min.	-	46	42⁶		-	D 613 D 6890 D 7170
Ramsbottom carbon residue, on 10% residue, max.	% mass	0.25			14318	D 524
Ash, max.	% mass	0.010			9842	D 482
Copper corrosion, 3 h @ 50°C, max.	-	1			14359	D 130
Water^7,8	mg/kg	Report	-	-	-	D 6304
Total contamination^7,9	mg/kg	Report	-	-	-	-
Water and sediment¹⁰, max.	% vol	0.05			-	D 2709
Polycyclic aromatics	% mass	Report	-	-	-	D 5186¹¹ D 6591¹¹
Oxidation stability	mg/100 ml	Report	-	-	-	D 2274⁴ D 5304
Acid number	mg KOH/g	Report	-	-	14248	D 974
Electrical conductivity¹²	pS/m	25	-	-	-	D 2624 D 4308
Lubricity, max.	µm	520¹³		-	-	D 6079
Starting January 1, 2014, S1800 shall not be sold for onroad use and will be fully replaced by S500. Applies to Type B diesel fuel only. Shall be within ± 0.5% volume of the percentage established by law. The determination of biodiesel content in Type B diesel fuel should be performed using EN 14078. Applies to Type A diesel fuel only. 820 to 853 kg/m³ for Type B diesel fuel. Alternatively, a minimum Cetane Index (NBR14759 or ASTM D4737) of 45 may be used for S500 and S1800 if the product contains no cetane improver. In case of dispute, ASTM D613 is the referee method. Applicable in production and imports. Alternatively, EN ISO 12937 may be used. Alternatively, EN 12662 may be used. Applicable to imports. Alternatively, EN 12916 may be used for Type B diesel fuel containing up to 5% biodiesel. ASTM D6591 and D5186 do not apply to Type B diesel fuel. Limit applies at the time and temperature of loading/pumping by the producer/distributor. Alternatively, ISO 12156 may be used with a limit of 460 µm max.

Table 3
Specifications for diesel fuel: ANP Resolution 65/2011 [2930]

Property¹	Units	Limits				Method
		Types A and B				ABNT NBR	ASTM
		S10	S50²	S500	S1800³	ABNT NBR	ASTM
Appearance		Clear & bright				14954	D 4176 Proc. 1
Color		^{Footnote 4}		^{Footnote 5}	^{Footnote 6}
Color ASTM, max.		3.0⁷				14483	D 1500 D 6045
Biodiesel content⁸	% vol	^{Footnote 9}				15568
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	10¹⁰	50	-	-		D 2622 D 5453 D 7212¹¹ D 7220
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	-	-	500	1800	14533	D 2622 D 4294 D 5453 D 7220
Distillation	°C					9619	D 86
10% vol rec., min.		180.0	Report
50% vol rec.		245.0 - 295.0	245.0 - 310.0
85% vol rec., max.		-	-	360.0	370.0
90% vol rec., max.		-	360.0	Report
95% vol rec., max.		370.0
Density @ 20°C	kg/m³	820 - 850¹²		820 - 865	820 - 880	7148 14065	D 1298 D 4052
Flash point, min.	°C	38.0				7974 14598	D 56 D 93 D 3828
Kinematic viscosity @ 40°C, max.	mm²/s	2.0 - 4.5	2.0 - 5.0			10441	D 445
CFPP	°C	See Table 7				14747	D 6371
Cetane number or derived cetane number, min.	-	48	46	42¹³		-	D 613 D 6890 D 7170
Ramsbottom carbon residue, on 10% residue, max.	% mass	0.25				14318	D 524
Ash, max.	% mass	0.010				9842	D 482
Copper corrosion, 3 h @ 50°C, max.	-	1				14359	D 130
Water¹⁴, max.	mg/kg	200	Report	500	-	-	D 6304 EN ISO 12937
Total contamination¹⁴, max.	mg/kg	24	Report	-	-	-	EN 12662
Water and sediment¹⁵, max.	% vol	0.05				-	D 2709
Polycyclic aromatics, max.	% mass	11	Report	-	-	-	D 5186¹⁶ D 6591¹⁶ EN 12916¹⁶
Oxidation stability, max.	mg/100 ml	2.5	Report	-	-	-	D 2274¹⁷ D 5304
Acid number	mg KOH/g	Report		-	-	14248	D 974
Electrical conductivity	pS/m	25¹⁸		25^18,19	^{Footnote 20}		D 2624 D 4308
Lubricity, max.	µm	^{Footnote 21}			-		D 6079 ISO 12156
ANP may require additional limits for diesel fuels produced from some processes using central petrochemical or non-petroleum feedstocks. Starting January 1, 2013, A and B S50 may no longer be sold and will be replaced entirely by A and B S10 respectively. Starting 1 January 2014, A and B S1800 may no longer be marketed for on-road use. Mixing of colorless and yellowish type B fuels can yield slightly brown and orange blends. Red dye should be added such that its content in the mixture is 20 mg/L. Yellow to orange, Type B can become slightly brown. Prior to the addition of dye. Applicable only to Type B. Shall be within ± 0.5% volume of the percentage established by law. A variation of up to + 5 mg/kg is allowed for B S10. Applicable only to Type A. 820-853 kg/m³ for Type B. Alternatively, a minimum cetane index (NBR14759 or ASTM D4737) of 45 may be used for S500 and S1800 if the product contains no cetane improver. In case of dispute, ASTM D613 is the referee method. Applies to S10 at point of production or import. After January 1, 2014, applies to B S10 and B S500 during distribution. Applicable to imports prior to product marketing. EN 12916 is applicable to Type B containing up to 5% biodiesel. ASTM D5186 and D6591 are not applicable to Type B. ASTM D2274 applies only to Type A. Limit applies at the time and temperature of loading by the producer and distributor. The limit applies to S500 starting October 1, 2013. If the measured conductivity is less than 25 (pS/m), it should be noted in the quality certificate. A limit of 460 µm applies with ISO 12156 and 520 µm with ASTM D6079. Measurement of lubricity may be performed after the addition of biodiesel.

Table 4
Specifications for diesel fuel: ANP Resolution 50/2013 [3129]

Property¹	Units	Limits		Method
		Types A and B		ABNT NBR	ASTM/EN
		S10	S500	ABNT NBR	ASTM/EN
Appearance		Clear & bright		14954	D 4176 Proc. 1
Color		^{Footnote 2}	Red³
Color ASTM, max.		3.0⁴		14483	D 1500 D 6045
Biodiesel content⁵	% vol	^{Footnote 6}		15568	EN 14078
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	10⁷	-		D 2622 D 5453 D 7039 D 7212⁸ D 7220
Sulfur, max.	mg/kg	-	500	14533	D 2622 D 4294 D 5453 D 7039 D 7220
Distillation	°C			9619	D 86
10% vol rec., min.		180.0	Report
50% vol rec.		245.0 - 295.0	245.0 - 310.0
85% vol rec., max.		-	360.0
90% vol rec., max.		-	Report
95% vol rec., max.		370.0
Density @ 20°C	kg/m³	820 - 850⁹	815 - 865	7148 14065	D 1298 D 4052
Flash point, min.	°C	38.0		7974 14598	D 56 D 93 D 3828
Kinematic viscosity @ 40°C, max.	mm²/s	2.0 - 4.5	2.0 - 5.0	10441	D 445
CFPP	°C	See Table 7		14747	D 6371
Cetane number or derived cetane number, min.	-	48	42¹⁰	-	D 613 D 6890 D 7170
Ramsbottom carbon residue, on 10% residue, max.	% mass	0.25		14318	D 524
Ash, max.	% mass	0.010		9842	D 482
Copper corrosion, 3 h @ 50°C, max.	-	1		14359	D 130
Water¹¹, max.	mg/kg	200	500	-	D 6304 EN ISO 12937
Total contamination¹², max.	mg/kg	24	-	-	EN 12662
Water and sediment¹², max.	% vol	0.05		-	D 2709
Polycyclic aromatics, max.	% mass	11	-	-	D 5186¹³ D 6591¹³
Oxidation stability, max.¹²	mg/100 ml	2.5	-	-	D 2274¹⁴ D 5304¹⁴
Acid number	mg KOH/g	Report	-	14248	D 974
Electrical conductivity¹⁵	pS/m	25	25¹⁶		D 2624 D 4308
Lubricity, max.	µm	^{Footnote 17}			D 6079 ISO 12156
ANP may require additional limits for diesel fuels produced from some processes using central petrochemical or non-petroleum feedstocks. Mixing of colorless and yellowish type B fuels can yield slightly brown and orange blends. Red dye should be added such that its content in the mixture is 20 mg/L. Prior to the addition of dye. Applicable only to Type B. Shall be within ± 0.5% volume of the percentage established by law. A variation of up to + 5 mg/kg is allowed for B S10. Applicable only to Type A. 815-853 kg/m3 for Type B. Alternatively, a minimum cetane index (NBR14759 or ASTM D4737) of 45 may be used for if the product contains no cetane improver. In case of dispute, ASTM D613 is the referee method. Applies to S10 at point of production or import and to B S10 and B S500 during distribution. Applicable to imports prior to product marketing. EN 12916 is applicable to Type B containing up to 5% biodiesel. ASTM D5186 and D6591 are not applicable to Type B. ASTM D2274 applies only to Type A. Limit applies at the time and temperature of loading by the producer and distributor. For S500 the Certificate of Quality requires listing the concentration of antistatic additive added. A limit of 460 µm applies with ISO 12156 and 520 µm with ASTM D6079. Measurement of lubricity may be performed after the addition of biodiesel.